The 490th Bomb Group, stationed at Eye Airfield in Suffolk, England, played a vital role in the Allied effort during World War II. From May 1944 to April 1945, the group flew 158 combat missions, dropping over 15,000 tons of bombs on enemy targets in Europe. These missions were a crucial part of the Allied strategy to defeat Nazi Germany, and the 490th Bomb Group’s contributions were instrumental in the ultimate victory.

Types of Missions

The 490th Bomb Group flew a variety of missions, each with its own unique objectives and challenges. These included:

Strategic Bombing: The group targeted German industrial and military installations, such as aircraft factories, oil refineries, and U-boat pens, to disrupt the enemy’s war effort. By destroying these key facilities, the 490th Bomb Group helped to weaken the German military and economy, making it harder for them to continue fighting.
Tactical Support: They provided close air support to ground troops, attacking enemy strongpoints, artillery positions, and supply lines during key battles like D-Day and the Battle of the Bulge. This tactical support was crucial in helping Allied ground forces break through enemy lines and advance into Germany.
Leaflet Dropping: Crews dropped propaganda leaflets over occupied Europe, demoralizing enemy troops and encouraging resistance among civilians. These leaflets played a vital role in undermining the enemy’s morale and will to fight.
Reconnaissance: The group also flew reconnaissance missions, gathering vital intelligence on enemy troop movements, fortifications, and industrial targets. This information was used to plan future missions and ensure that the Allies had the upper hand.
Notable Missions

Some of the most notable missions flown by the 490th Bomb Group include:

D-Day, June 6, 1944: The group played a crucial role in the Allied invasion of Normandy, bombing German coastal defenses and dropping troops behind enemy lines. This mission marked a turning point in the war, as the Allies finally gained a foothold on the continent.
Berlin, March 18, 1945: In one of the longest and most challenging missions of the war, the 490th Bomb Group flew deep into Germany to attack the German capital, braving heavy flak and fighter opposition. This mission demonstrated the group’s ability to strike at the heart of the enemy’s territory.
Railway Marshaling Yards, April 1945: The group targeted key railway hubs in Germany, disrupting the enemy’s ability to move troops and supplies, and contributing to the ultimate defeat of the Third Reich.
Oil Refineries, June 1944: The 490th Bomb Group attacked oil refineries in Germany, crippling the enemy’s ability to fuel their war machine. This mission was critical in starving the German military of the resources they needed to fight.
Crews and Aircraft

The 490th Bomb Group’s aircraft, B-24 Liberators and B-17 Flying Fortresses, were crewed by brave and skilled airmen from the United States. These crews faced extreme danger on every mission, with many making the ultimate sacrifice in defense of freedom. The group’s aircraft were equipped with the latest technology, including Norden bombsights and radar navigation systems, which enabled them to deliver their payloads with precision and accuracy.

Challenges and Sacrifices

The missions flown by the 490th Bomb Group were not without their challenges and sacrifices. The group faced intense flak and fighter opposition on many missions, and numerous aircraft were lost or damaged. Many airmen were killed or wounded in action, and some were taken prisoner by the enemy. Despite these challenges, the 490th Bomb Group persevered, driven by their determination to defeat the enemy and bring the war to a close.

Legacy

The missions of the 490th Bomb Group played a significant role in the Allied victory in World War II. Today, we honor the memories of those who served and sacrificed their lives in the pursuit of freedom and democracy. Their bravery and sacrifice will never be forgotten, and their legacy continues to inspire future generations.

Explore our archives and oral histories to learn more about the missions of the 490th Bomb Group and the heroes who flew with them. Our website and memorials are dedicated to preserving the history of the group and honoring the memories of those who served.